What is the primary function of MARC in archival science?

The primary function of MARC (Machine-Readable Cataloging) in archival science is to encode bibliographic information and metadata. MARC is a standard format used to represent various aspects of library and archival materials in a machine-readable format, which facilitates efficient cataloging, sharing, and retrieval of information about resources. This encoding allows for metadata to be processed and understood by digital systems, making it easier for libraries and archives to manage collections and provide access to their materials.

Using MARC, archivists can describe the physical and intellectual characteristics of collections, including authorship, titles, subjects, and publication details, thus creating structured records that can be easily searched and retrieved. The standardization that MARC offers ensures consistency across institutions, enhancing collaboration and resource sharing among libraries and archives.

In contrast, maintaining physical archives typically involves physical preservation and storage practices, which is not the focus of MARC. Standardizing digital file formats pertains to technical specifications for digital content rather than the encoding of bibliographic data. Enhancing user experience in digital libraries involves user interface design and accessibility features, which, while important, are separate from the primary purpose of MARC in cataloging.